Search results
- Author(s)
- Tyler A. Blackman
- Date
- 2016
- Description
- In the 1970s, many Canadians were shocked to hear of the woefully unfit working conditions and discrimination of farm labourers, particularly in the Lower Mainland of British Columbia. The labour force was characterised by predominantly new immigrants, most of whom who were women, children, and elders. The working conditions of that time motivated key individuals to instigate a movement to seek justice for these marginalised workers. Using archival material and semi-structured interviews this study focuses on the formation, efforts, and flows of the Farm Workers Organising Committee (FWOC) and shortly thereafter the Canadian Farm Workers Union (CFU) from 1979 until approximately 1993. This time period and the struggle of seasonal and full-time farm labourers is well documented as the emergence of a trade union that influenced improved working conditions for farm labourers. However, the FWOC and CFU had emerged using strategies that were not typical of traditional trade unions of that time. The CFU operated outside of the typical arrangements of traditional trade unions to make their organisational effort possible. Despite the CFU’s eventual decline they were a pivotal group for enhancing farmworkers rights and voice in the province. This thesis argues that the FWOC and the CFU are better positioned as a social movement when examining the evolution of the movement’s strategies, goals, and outcomes.
- Collection
- Student Papers Geography
- HarvestIR ID
- ufv:251
- Date
- 2016
- Collection
- Undergraduate Research Excellence Awards
- HarvestIR ID
- ufv:35805
- Date
- 2016
- Collection
- UFV Viewbooks
- HarvestIR ID
- ufv:42371
- Author(s)
- David Scott Nickel
- Date
- 2018
- Description
- Critical factors that contribute to defining public satisfaction are viewed in the context of citizens’ confidence in police services emanating from heightened expectations in service outcomes. The perception of legitimacy as it pertains to the acceptance of police services leads citizens to feel obligated to obey police decisions and authority voluntarily. It is the notion of voluntariness in compliance that defines the qualities of legitimacy. Further, the concept of public trust builds on normative values that also impact the voluntariness of compliance with democratic principles in society. Procedural fairness concerns public perceptions of how citizens are treated reflecting a consistency of quality in police services. Procedural fairness balances the needs of governmental services with the needs of citizens satisfaction particularly when citizens experience a personal crisis. These are the critical factors discussed in this paper. The importance of satisfaction with police services is therefore related to the public’s perceptions of police effectiveness and efficiency. In other words, the more the public perceive their police service as efficient in the way in which it deals with crime, how fairly they treat people, how effectively they react to concerns of the citizens, and that they see the matter through to an appropriate resolution, the more it is satisfied with police services. Conflict theory guided this research as the theoretical framework. It suggests that conflict in society is related to social resources, between those who have and those who have not. When emotional, moral, symbolic and material interests are mobilized, these interests become conflicted. Police services were partially established as a social control agency for conflict management. The police corporate culture is characterized by aggression and assertiveness, thereby influencing the elements of public satisfaction in the delivery of police services as it relates to the conflict management role.
- Collection
- Student Major Papers Criminology
- HarvestIR ID
- ufv:18286
- Author(s)
- Rachel E. Chapman
- Date
- 2011
- Collection
- Student Papers Geography
- HarvestIR ID
- ufv:321
- Author(s)
- Brooke A. Thomas
- Date
- 2021
- Description
- Following similar criticisms in the United States and Britain, the benefits and harms of police-initiated stops, including street checks, have been debated over the past five years in Canada (Griffiths et al., 2018; Montgomery et al., 2019; Tulloch, 2018; Vancouver Police Department, 2018; Wortley, 2019). In response, provincial policymakers have engaged researchers and police departments to evaluate the use of street checks, and have relied on study results and outcomes of community consultations to devise new policies and guidelines (Alberta Justice and Solicitor General, 2020; Government of British Columbia, 2019a; Laroche, 2021; Tulloch, 2018). The purpose of this major paper is not to support or criticize police practices, but to assess the value of considering street checks as part of a continuum of police-initiated stops. Relying on the concept of a range of officer-generated interactions, this major paper evaluates methods of data collection and analysis that might provide a more comprehensive understanding of these police practices. Relying on one year of street check and on-view general occurrences conducted by the Prince George RCMP, several consistencies between the data sets were noted, including demographics, police-contact histories of stopped individuals, and the geographic and temporal aspects of the stops. The likenesses in the results indicate similar practices by police, and supports further examination of the data sets and the concept of a continuum of police-initiated stops. The combination of data sets and a more comprehensive approach to officer-generated engagements may provide a greater understanding of the practices for consideration by policymakers.
- Collection
- Student Major Papers Criminology
- HarvestIR ID
- ufv:29847
- Author(s)
- Rachel L. Oueis
- Date
- 2021
- Description
- he Defund the Police movement has recently garnered extensive media attention. The movement has forced Canadians to assess the effectiveness of the police, specifically in their interactions with persons with mental illness, those experiencing homelessness, and those struggling with addiction. Moreover, the question as to whether these societal issues should fall to the police as the first responder is still widely debated. While the Defund the Police movement has a number of different perspectives, the most commonly supported position is that a proportion of police funding should be redirected towards community initiatives to serve marginalized populations. In the Canadian context, there is a lack of literature on what this would look like in practical terms. This major paper serves to contribute to the limited academic literature on this topic by obtaining the perspective of a sample of police leaders in British Columbia’s Lower Mainland on the Defund the Police movement and examining the potential policy implications of this perspective for the police, the communities they serve, and the partner agencies they serve alongside. From the interviews, three main themes emerged, including differing perceptions of what is “core policing”, the effects of “defunding” on police, and the effects “defunding” might have on partner agencies and the community at large. The central argument of this major paper is that, although it is largely agreed upon among the police leaders in this study that social issues, including homelessness, addictions, and mental health, should not be considered “core policing”, given the constitutionally entrenched funding models for health services and policing in Canada, the methodology of the Defund the Police movement is not practical within the Canadian Context. With this in mind, recommendations for how the aforementioned populations could be properly served are made, including returning to Peelian Principles that states, in part, that the role of the police is “to maintain at all times a relationship with the public that gives reality to the historic tradition that the police are the public and that the public are the police”.
- Collection
- Student Major Papers Criminology
- HarvestIR ID
- ufv:29616
- Author(s)
- Amy Bujak
- Date
- 2022
- Description
- Women are overrepresented in the highly prevalent mental health diagnosis of borderline personality disorder (BPD) (Langer, 2016; Luyten et al., 2020; Mancke et al., 2017; Nicki, 2016). Additionally, there is a high rate of comorbidity between BPD and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (Langer, 2016). The purpose of this thematic literature review is to provide a better understanding of the impact of trauma on women and the relationship this has with BPD. Ideally, a better understanding of this relationship will aid in reducing the stigmatization of BPD within the healthcare field and broader society. This review will examine and discuss the psychiatric conceptualizations of both BPD and PTSD and examine the importance of utilizing a systems theory and trauma-informed approach as mental health clinicians. Additionally, this review will look at the different theories regarding the etiology and development of psychopathology in BPD. As well as the implications for women and discuss the known treatment approaches. Finally, this review will examine the gaps within the literature and the role social work has in the treatment and social discourse surrounding a BPD diagnosis.
- Collection
- Student Major Papers Social Work
- HarvestIR ID
- ufv:38138
- Date
- 2019
- Collection
- Undergraduate Research Excellence Awards
- HarvestIR ID
- ufv:35802
- Date
- 2017
- Collection
- UFV Viewbooks
- HarvestIR ID
- ufv:42372
- Author(s)
- Camia S. Weaver
- Date
- 2018
- Description
- This paper provides an overview of police interactions with people in emotional or mental health crisis and identifies elements for a successful police response in these situations. The question of the rates of such interactions and the difficulties in determining these rates is discussed, as well as some of the possible contributing factors that affect emotional and mental health in our society. Best practices in police response in these interactions are reviewed, with recommendations for strategies in program, policy, and training development.
- Collection
- Student Major Papers Criminology
- HarvestIR ID
- ufv:18284
- Author(s)
- Annette Vogt
- Date
- 2009
- Description
- This study examined the relationship between social bonding indicators and drug use among grade eight to twelve students, drawing from attachment and involvement dimensions of Hirschi’s Social Bonding Theory for the conceptual framework. Data was utilized from the Safe School Social Responsibility Survey for Secondary Students (SSSRS) for the 2005/06 and 2006/07 school years to understand the extent to which school bonding, a measure of attachment to school and involvement at school, was associated to current and future drug use. ‘Attachment to school’ indicators included perceptions of students’ liking for school, feeling respected from adults at school, and feeling their ideas were important to adults at school. ‘Involvement at school’ indicators included self-reported rates of students’ participation in groups or clubs at school, and non-participating behaviours involving skipping class, and skipping an entire day of school. This study provides important evidence, as well as practical indicators, to support the proposition that school bonding is associated to, and predictive of, current and future drug use.
- Collection
- Student Major Papers Criminology
- HarvestIR ID
- ufv:25225
- Author(s)
- Howard Chow
- Date
- 2017
- Description
- This paper reviews the available literature on early intervention systems to determine whether they are effective in identifying and modifying the behaviour of problem police officers. The paper makes recommendations about the weighting of such factors as citizen complaints and use-of-force incidents. The paper concludes that in spite of the controversies surrounding early intervention systems, they are integral to the functioning of police departments, and that Police departments must curb deviance within their own ranks by using these systems so that the trust and legitimacy of policing, as an important societal institution, is not compromised.
- Collection
- Student Major Papers Criminology
- HarvestIR ID
- ufv:5515
- Author(s)
- Ted De Jager
- Date
- 2021
- Description
- Police agencies throughout Canada have been increasingly relied upon to respond to complex social issues, such as addictions, mental health, and homelessness, despite these concerns falling outside the traditional realm of criminal activity and public safety (Department of Justice Canada, 2018). Although police have a role in resolving these societal issues, this study posits that they should not be the primary agency when dealing with vulnerable populations. This study examines the causal factors that create stigmatisation toward vulnerable populations, particularly at the local government and community level, that has manifested into a criminal justice, rather than a health and wellbeing approach, to address community concerns. To examine these issues, calls for service data from the Royal Canadian Mounted Police in British Columbia were analyzed, followed by semi-structured qualitative interviews with 14 professionals working in the areas of criminal justice, health, and advocacy. Several related themes emerged from this analysis, including the need for: increased collaboration between police, social services, and health agencies; the reduction of barriers to implementing collaboration, the reduction of stigmatisation towards vulnerable populations; a re-assessment of the role of police toward vulnerable populations; increased investment into supports; and decriminalisation of illicit drugs providing that significant investment and policies are in place. The data and interviews indicate that police have become the default in responding to certain social concerns, causing them to become reluctant warriors against those suffering from mental health and addictions due to outdated policies that stigmatize and marginalize the very people they seek to protect.
- Collection
- Student Major Papers Criminology
- HarvestIR ID
- ufv:29031
- Author(s)
- Kim McLandress
- Date
- 2009
- Description
- In recent years, school districts have taken an interest in restorative justice as they consider alternative ways of securing school safety. This has become a priority for schools, communities, and governments in light of several incidents of extreme violence in Canada and the United States. These incidents have received a lot of attention and forced schools to examine alternative ways of preventing and responding to bullying, violence, and disruptive behaviour (Morrison, 2007). This paper is a review of the related literature regarding restorative justice and its implementation in schools. There is little available research in this area from a number of countries including Canada. There is a trend to move toward restorative justice in the school system and conducting this review will be an asset to schools considering change as well as stakeholders in order to have the opportunity to review what has worked or not in other school districts so they can make informed decisions. The importance of having the school board, administrators, and principals support to lead the change along with the development of a whole school approach to solving problems has been echoed throughout the literature. Implementing restorative justice in schools can be challenging as it requires the whole school to shift their thinking toward the development of a community and changing the culture within the school. To be most effective, restorative justice practices should be implemented in elementary schools so that restorative values and practices can be taught to younger children. There must be some process implemented to assist school staff to be directly involved in restorative practices while still fulfilling their primary responsibilities, the education and training of all school staff in restorative practices must be focused and continual, and funding and other resource support for the process, for a follow-up period, and for empirically-based evaluations must be secured prior to implementing restorative practices in schools. Related to this, and critically, the objectives and measures used to identify success and failure must be clearly established in ways that both achieve the specific needs of the school community, but also serve to allow the school to be evaluated and compared to other schools that have and have not employed restorative practices.
- Collection
- Student Major Papers Criminology
- HarvestIR ID
- ufv:346
- Date
- 2008
- Collection
- Research Office / Research & Industry Liaison Office
- HarvestIR ID
- ufv:42363
- Author(s)
- V.J. Thomas, Martin Bliemel, Cynthia Shippam, Elicia Maine
- Date
- 2020-08
- Description
- University spin-offs are important mechanisms for creating and capturing value from scientific inventions. Academic scientists are uniquely positioned to shape such opportunities long before the university spin-off is founded. To better understand how science-based university spin-offs can be endowed for success, the preformation stage of 30 ventures co-founded over a 40 year period by a star-scientist-entrepreneur is analysed by matching his 363 co-invented US patents granted to 1476 co-authored publications and these 30 ventures. Employing the extended case method, including the analysis of extensive archival data, iterative interviews, and this unique, longitudinal, multi-level dataset, existing dynamic capabilities theory is confronted and extended with evidence as to how a star-scientist-entrepreneur senses and shapes and seizes opportunities to endow university spin-offs pre-formation. A process model is developed depicting four pre-formation entrepreneurial capabilities with which these science-based university spin-offs are endowed for success. Recommendations are made for scientist-entrepreneurs, investors, university leadership, and for innovation policymakers.
- Collection
- Research and Scholarly Publications
- HarvestIR ID
- ufv:35442
- Author(s)
- Michael J. Sekela
- Date
- 2010
- Description
- Research into the topic of missing person cases in Canada indicates a gap between understanding the complete extent of this issue and the police response to such cases. Within the Canadian policing community, it is evident that there is a consensus regarding the value in developing a national missing persons program that would include a national database, a national public website, streamlined policies and investigational procedures, and strategic partnerships. However, it is not yet clear how such a program would be developed and sustained. Presently, there exist isolated Provincial responses to this most important topic. This major paper will focus on the Province of Alberta and examine the extent of uncleared missing person cases and the associated police responses. This research commenced with a review of available statistics on uncleared missing persons cases in Alberta in an effort to provide an accurate reflection of the current state of uncleared missing persons cases in the Province. The research then examined the associated police responses and concluded with a discussion centering on the matter of how police respond to missing persons cases in Alberta. Recommendations from this paper have already been implemented in Alberta and others are being further considered for use across Canada.
- Collection
- Student Major Papers Criminology
- HarvestIR ID
- ufv:336
- Date
- 1966
- Collection
- Newman Western Canadian Cookbook Collection
- HarvestIR ID
- ufv:25226