_of metallic output in 1935, at $222)

' Increased production of the other

Mining Is The Only

Main Industry

Recovered From Depression

Which Has

Mining is the only one of Canada’s
main industries which has fully re-
gained the losses of the depression,
says the Bank of Nova Scotia’s
monthly review for July.

In 1935 the output of Canadian
mines was valued at about $310,000,-
000, which represents an expansion
of 60 per cent. since 1932, low year
of the depression.

One branch of mineral production
—metals—is entirely responsible for
this remarkable showing. The value

millions, was much the highest Ont
record; it was nearly double that of |
1932 ‘and over 40 per cent. greater
than that of 1929. Coal production,
on the other hand, valued at $42
millions, was but two-thirds of the
figure for 1929; and other minerals,
consisting largely of building pro-
ducts, were worth less than half of
the peak output.

Gold has played the leading role
in the growing value of metal out-
put, for unlike other branches of
production there has been no depres-
sion in gold mining. Year by year
since 1929 the value of output has
steadily risen—from about $40 mil-
lions to $116 millions. Up to 1932
enlarged receipts were mainly a re-
flection of growing production. Since
then, however, the primary factor in
expansion has been the increase in
price—from $20.67 to about $35.00
per fine ounce, although production
was somewhat higher in 1935 than in
1932. Gold was responsible for over
half the value of all metal produc-
tion in 1935, as contrasted with
slightly more than one-quarter of the
total in 1929, i

Although base metals played the
main part in the reduction in the
value of metal output from the peak
of prosperity to the depths of de-
pression, they have been of import-
ance in the subsequent revival. The
value of the combined production of
copper, nickel, lead and zinc de-
creased from $98 millions in 1929 to
but $32 millions in 1932. The total
has since risen, however, to $88 mil-
lions. In 1935, nickel had surpassed
its former record and zinc had near-
ly attained it. Copper and lead were
still considerably below the peak
level. "

Each one of these four base metals
was produced’in larger volume dur-
ing the past year than in the peak
year previous to the depression. In
the case of nickel, the price of which
has remained stable, enlarged output
has been reflected in greater receipts.

three metals, however, has been more
than offset by lower prices. Prices
of copper, lead and zinc in 1935 were
only 42 per cent., 58 per cent. and
58 per cent., respectively, of the
averages for 1929.

During 1935, the mining industry
provided jobs directly for about 83,-
000 wage and salary workers. This
figure is 21,500 higher than the total
for the low year of depression and
12,000 lower than that for the peak
year, 1929. Here, as in the case of
production, metal mining has been
the dominant factor in improvement.
It is responsible for almost all the
re-employment in the mineral indus-
tries since 1932 and last year gave
work to 33 per cent. more people
than in 1929.

The influence of mining on em-
ployment, however, does not end
here. Mining is an industry which
generally involves very heavy in-
vestment in plant and equipment,
some of which has to be replaced
quite frequently. Moreover, the re-
¢ent expansion in activity has ac-
celerated expenditures in this direc-
tion. Mining also involves substan-
tial purchases of fuel and processing
supplies. It therefore has important
effects upon employment and the
volume of production in certain other
industries.

A Giant Pomegranate

Grown By Man In South Africa, It
Feeds Five

Weighing four and
pounds, a pomegranate was picked
in the garden of J. P. van der Merwe

in Coligny, South Africa. Mr. and| out the question. The delegation
Mrs. van der Merwe and their three! pointed to the floor. They felt the
children feasted on it, and there was vibration through their feet.

some left over. Van der Merwe has
another pomegranate - ripening. It
looks like a pumpkin and is expected
to attain five pounds.
et
_ Out Of Place

Restaurant Manager (to orchestra
conductor): “I wish you'd display a
little more tact in choosing the
music. We've got the National As-

sociation of Umbrella Manufacturers
here this evening, and you haye just

" played ‘It Ain’t Gonna Rain No
More’.”

one-quarter | Startled, several sprang back. Others

Contain Proportion Of Feed

Grain Screenings From Terminal
Elevators Run Into Thousands
Of Tons

Grain growers of Western Canada
follow the practice of shipping most
of the weed seeds and other foreign
material harvested with the grain to
terminal elevators. This foreign
material, in addition to weed seeds,
includes broken and shrunken grain,
dirt, dust and chaff. As cleaned
from the grain, these screenings
contain a proportion of feed, a pro-
portion of mustards and other un-
palatable and injurious weed seeds
and a proportion of waste matter.
They are accordingly separated and
graded to provide several classes of
feed material, and to prevent the
distribution in Canada of material
which is both unsafe to feed and
dangerous from the standpoint of
weed distribution.

During the eight months ending
March 31, 1936, 94,762 tons were
shipped from terminal elevator, with
53,848 tons billed for export. Ad-
ditional screeni. were d
from grain at the farms, country
elevators, and mills, but no complete
figures of the quantities from these
sources are ayailable.

The type of screenings most popu-
lar with Canadian feeders is com-
posed principally of broken and
shrunken wheat and wild buckwheat
and is known as No. 1 Feed Screen-
ings. Screenings composed prin-
cipally of wild oats have never at-
tained great popularity in Canada,
nor is there much demand for any
type of screenings from which the
fine weed seeds, chaff and dust have
not been largely removed.

Trust Fund Feeds Birds

Established In Memory Of Woman
Who Loved Them

It isn’t popularly known, but spar-
rows in Victoria embankment gard-
ens in London are heirs and heir-
esses, They are legatees of the late
Mrs. Alexander Angus, wife of a
New Jersey business man. She loved
birds and used to feed them in the
Embankment gardens.

In Mrs. Angus’ memory her hus-
band has set up a trust fund provid-
ing a yearly reward for two hotel
waiters who feed the birds every
day during the months Mrs. Angus
was accustomed to stay in London.
They carry napkins filled with
crumbs to fulfil the trust. This sea-
son’s duties cease at the end of
August.

Mrs. Angus came to London in
1919 to recuperate after a serious
operation. She coaxed the birds to
eat crumbs from her hand at her
hotel window. Later she fed them
from a deckchair in the gardens.

Acorns From Royal Oak

Sent To Australia From Botanic
Gardens In England

Seeds of trees of historicat Interest
are being collected by the Australian
Forestry League to plant in the
arboretum and around the grounds
at the Gladsville Domestic Science
School at Huntley’s Point. Acorns
from the famous Royal Oak Tree
growing in the Christchurch Botanic
Gardens have arrived. This tree,
known as the Albert Edward Oak,

was planted in July, 1863, to com- 5

memorate the marriage of H.R.H.
Albert Edward Prince of Wales,
and was the first tree planted in the
gardens. It has an approximate
height of 75 feet, and a branch
spread of 96 feet. Seeds are also
being obtained from trees planted by
Royal visitors, leading statessmen
and prominent citizens.

Easily Explained
Even the deaf get frightened when
a lion roars. Showing a delegation
from the deaf and dumb through the
zoo at Washington. Head Keeper
William Blackburne paused before a
lion's cage. The animal roared.

dashed for the door. Puzzled as to
| how they heard the roar, he wrote

Won By Diplomacy

To Sir Francis Younghusband, who
was 73 theother day, is owed the
opening of the “forbidden city” of
Lhassa to British influence, and, in-
cidentally, all the facilities granted
to successive Everest expeditions by
the Tibetan authorities. The lamas
were at first very hostile, fearing an
attack on their religion. But Sir
Francis’'s diplomacy removed every
Obstacle and he left them firm

FRENCH MEMORIAL TO KING ALBERT

i,

National Defence. It takes the form

shows school children laying wreaths
the inuauguration ceremony.

form, standing bareheaded and looking into the distance.

A memorial to the late King Albert of the Belgians has been erected
at Saint Quentin, and was unveiled by M. Daladier, French Minister of

of a statue of the late King in uni-
This picture
at the foot of the monument during

To Banish Old Age

Indian Rajah Claims Ritual Will
Ensure Perpetual Youth

A modern Utopia for women was
pictured in London recently when
“shots’’ depicting life in the palace
and state schools of the Rajah of
Aundh, ruling prince of one of the
states of the Bombay presidency,
were shown.

Shown for the first time in Europe
—at the British Film Institute—the
film depicted the Rajah, his family
and subjects going through the ritual
Surya Namaskars, which is banish-
ing old age, pain, disease and worry
from his realm. He is 70 years old
and has not even had a cold in 28
years.

His Ranee, aged 36, with eight
healthy and beautiful children, looks
like a girl of 16. Another actor in
that “fountain of youth” film was a
60-year-old mother of 10 children,
who had suffered all her life from
rheumatism and superfluous fat.

She began the ritual in 1925 and
now is in perfect health. “The effect
on women is even more astonishing
than on men,” said the Rajah. “Our
women age very rapidly, but now
they can keep the vitality and beauty
of their youth to an advanced age.”

Surya Namaskars is simplicity it-
self, as the Rajah explained it, and
takes only five minutes to do. The
hands are put flat on the floor in a
bending position and are kept fixed
throughout the cycle of 10 positions.
Three breaths only are taking during}
the cycle. No equipment of any sort
is required.

Lifer Composing Opera

Alister J. Clark, who is serving a
sentence for life in Goulburn prison
near Sydney, Australia, for the mur-
der of his wife, is writing an opera.
He was taught music there, and has
passed the examinations. He studies
from phonograph records and plays

on a dummy keyboard in his cell.

Heavy Hand Of Drouth

Tells Of Major Difficulties Confront-
ing The West

Speaking to the Brantford Rotary
Club on problems of the west, Rev.
Herbert S. Cobb, Weyburn, Sask.,
said climate and immigration group
difficulties were major problems in
the west. 4

He urged a mutual effort by Cana-
dians toward the solution of prob-
lems which concerned all the people
of the country. So far as climate
was concerned it was evident there
were good years and bad years and
that fodder should be conserved in
the good years against the bad ones.
He was confident affected areas
would again yield rich harvests but
when they did, the farmers must
provide for the lean years to come.

“We are governed to death and
taxed to death,” he said, and ad-
ministrative overhead would have to
be reduced. Elimination of provin-
cial governments, more responsibility
for municipal governments and a
closer linkup with the federal gov-
ernment was an answer, he sald.

Shoe Fits Like Glove

Cost Fifty Dollars And Has Separate)

Divisions For Toes

Dr. Philip Spence, an amiable
osteopath with a waggish sense of
humor, exhibited in New York a shoe
that fits like a glove.

It’s not like a mitten, mind you, or
a first baseman’s glove, but actually
like a glove with five separate divi-
sions for the toes.

It cost him $50 to have it made
and when he slips it on he can wiggle
the toes, so flexible are they. He can
pirouet gracefully and should he care
to he can wear it on long hikes,

Because it permitted too much ad-
vertising blah on its programs, a
radio station in Madrid, Spain, was
recently fined $30.

“Here's to you!” say these easily
alphabets from which to choose.

|—-satin, seed and cutwork (really just
& monogram is shown, too.

friends, 2162

E., Winnipeg.

ee
PATTERN 5568

Initials Say “Exclusively Yours’: —

Household

embroidered initials, a varied assort-

ment as you see, for one same pattern gives you three, differently sized
Linens, lingerie, hankies, a blouse, necker-
chief or bag will wear your initials proudly, worked in a variety of stitchea

buttonhole stitch). The way to form

In pattern 5568 you will find a transfer pattern
of three complete alphabets, one 2 inches, one 1% inches and one % inch
(the dimension indicates the size of the letter); information on the correct
placing of initials; illustrations of all stitches needed; material requirements.

To obtain this pattern send 20 cents in stamps or coin (coin preferred)
to Household Arts Dept., Winnipeg Newspaper Union, 175 McDermot Ave.

There is no Alice Brooks pattern book published

Research Work Directed
Towards Solving Special

Problems Of Agriculture

Carbon Black

Chief Ingredient Of Printers’ Ink

Originally Made On The Farm

Canada is the chief producer of
carbon black in the British Empire
and most of the carbon mentioned in
statistics as originating in Empire
countries is in fact from Canada.
The carbon is used for many pur-
poses but principally in the printers’
ink trade and the rubber industry.
Printers’ ink of other days, in com-
mon with many other important
articles of commerce, was originally
an agricultural product. The inks
of the very carly ages were prepared
from charcoal or soot mixed with
gum, glue, or varnish, much after
the style of the ordinary black print-
ing ink of to-day, the principal con-
stituents of which are lamp-black
and thick linseed oil.

The Chinese ascribe the invention
of ink to Tien Tcheu who lived be-
tween 2697 B.C. and 2597 B.C., and
it is known that the ancient Egyp-
tians prepared and used inks at a
very early date. An Egyptian docu-
ment—a papyrus—with written char-
acters of the date 2500 B.C. is still
in existence. Two thousand years
later the emperors of Greece, and of
Rome were wont to sign their de-
crees with a flourish in purple ink.
Since these days the numbers and
kinds of ink have been many, and to-
day some of the finest inks in the
world are manufactured in Canada

Electrical Farm

Farm In Virginia Is Equipped With
Appliances That Lessen Work

On farmer J. W. Hughes’ place
everything is now electrified except
the hired man

Pooling ideas, the third world
power conference and the rural elec-
trification administration have com-
bined to make the farm, in Virginia,
a scientific miracle.

Flies cannot get near the cows be-
cause charged screens electrocute
them. The bosses themselves are
air-cooled while they are being milk-
ed by electricity.

In front of each is a drinking
fountain which bubbles when the
cow presses her nose on the gadget.

Bristling with

full of percolators, ironers, stoves,
churns, clocks, waffle irons, dish-
washers, ventilating fans, dough

mixers and a refrigerator—all elec-
trical.

The chicken coop features water
warmers and ultra violet ray lamps
to improve the egg laying ability of
the hens.

Depends On Viewpoint

What Other Fellow Does Looks

Different To You

Have you ever noticed that when
the other fellow is set in his way,
he’s obstinate; when you are, it’s
just firmness? When the other fel-
low doesn't like your friends, he's
prejudiced; when you don’t like him,
you are simply showing that you are
a good judge of human nature?

When the other fellow tries to
treat someone especially well, he’s
toadying; when you try the same
game, you are using tact?

When the other fellow picks flaws
in things, he’s cranky; when you do,
you are discriminating ?

When the other fellow says what}
he thinks, he’s spiteful; when you do, |
you are frank?

Fires Puzzle Police

Destroy Miles Of Grazing Land In
Irish Free State

Six mysterious fires in five weeks
on grazing lands in South Donegal
have puzzled the Civic Guards, the}
state police of the Irish Free State.
The sixth blaze lit up the country
for seven miles around, and two
miles of grazing land were destroy-)
ed. Farmers had difficulty in driving
cattle and sheep to safety. Officials!
in Letterkenny were investigating
the possibility of incendiarism.

First Radiophone Message
Tinkle of the radiophone was
heard for the first time recently in
the Shetland Islands off the coast of
Scotland, when the Provost of Kirk-

“doodads” like an}
inventor's workshop, the kitchen is|

wall, Orkney Islands, telephoned a
message of congratulation to Shet-
land from the radio station in Kirk-
wall through a new radio beacon!
which has been erected at Samburgh, |
Shetland. |

Now folks are born in a hospital,
marry in a church and die in a Eel

so what do they want homes for? |

On every side of agricultural prac-
tice, problems arise which are direct-
ly related to the activities of micro-
organisms, or, in other words, to the
science of bacteriology. Thus, for
the purpose of devoting special at-
tention to matters in agricultural re-
search bearing upon this science, the
Division of Bacteriology of the Ex-
perimental Farms Branch, Dominion
Department of Agriculture, was
founded, its function being to co-
operate through the application of
its special knowledge of germ life to
the diverse problems of research and
control work carried on by the De-
partment.

The work of the Division has de-
veloped along two lines, namely serv-
ing Canadian agriculture as a whole,
and helping the farmer as an in-
dividual. This two-fold nature of the
work is so comprehensive that only
a recapitulation of the principal
activities can give a concise idea of
its extent and importance:—

(1) Research and experimental
work, comprising investigations of
microbiological problems, for exam-
ple, in dairying (pure milk produc-
tion, dairy sanitation); soil fertility
(soil microbiological studies, effect
of fertilizers and soil management
practices, soil inoculation); silage
production; utilization and preserva-
tion of foodstuffs (fruit and vege-
tables, fruit by-products, dressed
poultry, meats); apiculture (bee dis-
eases, preservation of honey); farm
water and sewage disposal; retting
of textile fibres; preservation of
hides, and miscellaneous investiga-
tions in co-operation with other
branches of the Dominion Depart-
ment of Agriculture and the Na-
tional Research Council.

(2) Direct service to farmers
through the examination of samples
requiring bacteriological analysis,
distribution of cultures for inocula-
tion of legume seed, and by advice
on problems of bacteriological na-
ture. For example, samples received
for analysis are of a varied nature,
and include milk and other dairy
products, water, bread, honey, canned
goods and other foodstuffs, legume
inoculants, foulbrood specimens, and
many other samples of an agricul-
tural nature. While in many cases,
the samples require only a routine
testing, others demand extended in-
vestigation amounting in some cases
to a minor research project.

Farm well waters have represented
a fair proportion of the samples, the
analysis of which is an important
factor in rural sanitation. Of more
than 1,600 samples analysed, 35 per
cent. have been found satisfactory;
32 per cent. polluted, with 33 per
cent. of doubtful quality, indicating,
as the Dominion Agricultural Bac-
teriologist points out, that the loca-
tion and construction of many of the
farm wells leave much to be de-
sired and stressing the need for im-
proved sites to avoid the potential or
actual danger from surface con-
tamination.

Race Will Continue

R.M.S. Queen Mary Not Yet Claim-
ing Speed Supremacy

A continuing race for Atlantio

speed supremacy was foreshadowed
in the recent disclaimer by officers of
R.M.S. Queen Mary of a new record
despite the liner’s fastest crossing
between Europe and New York.

The huge British steamship travelled
3,098 nautical miles from Cherbourg
to Ambrose Light in four days, eight
hours, 37 minutes, at an average of
29.61 knots.

The French liner Normandie holds
the mythical blue pennant for At-
lantic speed, a record of 3,192 nauti-
cal miles from Southampton to Am-
brose Light at an average speed of
29.64 knots. Her total time was
four days, 11 hours, 42 minutes,
made in June, 1935.

“We don’t get the pennant because
we jolly well don’t deserve it,” Sir
Edgar Britten, the Queen Mary's
commander, said as the ship crept
up the river to her pier in the Hud-
son river.

Grants His Patronage

King Edward VIII, through Lord
Wigram, keeper of the privy seal,
has granted his patronage to the
Royal College of Physicians and
Surgeons of Canada, Dr. Warren S.
Lyman, secretary of the college, an-
nounced. His Majesty thus follows
in the footsteps of his late father,
King George V., who was patron of
the Royal College at the time of his
death.

In the old days she got a job be-
cause she couldn't get a husband;
now the husband is easy to get if
she has the job.

=|

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